







                              PC-KEY-DRAW


                A KEYBOARD TO SCREEN GRAPHICS PROGRAM
                    FOR THE IBM PC and COMPATIBLES


                            Version 3.33+



                     Special Big Blue Disk Version

                Some manual sections have been removed 
                       to fit on a single disk.









                         Edward H. Kidera IV
                               OEDWARE
                             P.O. Box 595
                       Columbia, MD 21045-0595
                            (301) 997-9333



            (C)Copyright OED, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988

          Portions copyright International Business Machines
                  Portions copyright Microsoft, Inc.



                               COPYRIGHT
          (C)  Copyright 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988 by OED.
          All rights reserved.   Copying  of  PC-KEY-DRAW  is
          allowed for the purpose of backup and to allow oth-
          ers to try out and evaluate the program.   Unregis-
          tered  USE past the trial stage is prohibited. This
          manual may not be reproduced,  transmitted,  trans-
          cribed,  stored in a retrieval system or translated
          into any language or computer language, in any form
          or  by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic,
          optical, chemical, manual,  or  otherwise,  without
          the prior written consent of OEDWARE, P.O. Box 595,
          Columbia, MD 21045-0595  except  that  the  partial
          manual  supplied  on  the  disk  may be dumped to a
          printer for the purpose of creating a  single  copy
          to  aid  in  the  evaluation  of the program before
          registering.

                        DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
          This software and manual are sold "AS IS" and with-
          out warranties as to performance of merchantability
          or  any  other  warranties  whether  expressed   of
          implied.  Because of the various hardware and soft-
          ware environments into which this  program  may  be
          put,  no  warranty of fitness for a particular pur-
          pose is offered.

          Good data processing procedure  dictates  that  any
          program be thoroughly tested with non-critical data
          before relying on it.  The  user  must  assume  the
          entire risk of using the program.  Any liability of
          the seller will be limited exclusively  to  product
          replacement.



                             INTRODUCTION

          Welcome  to PC-KEY-DRAW! You are about to encounter
          one of the most powerful graphics  programs  avail-
          able for the IBM PC and compatibles.

          PC-KEY-DRAW  is a graphics package that can be used
          by anyone and everyone. It includes  many  features
          designed  specifically  for  a mechanical engineer,
          such as calculate and  measure.  It  also  includes
          many  features  designed  specifically for artists,
          such as pattern fill and area smear. Its ability to
          create symbol libraries is ideal for the electrical
          engineer or the architect. Those  into  needlepoint
          will  find  that  the drawing capabilities combined
          with the zoom  printer  feature  allow  interesting
          patterns  to be designed on the computer and easily
          transferred  to  a  form  suitable  for  stitching.
          Graphic  game  designers can use the drawing abili-
          ties along with the ability to save an image  as  a
          BASICA subroutine to create graphics ideal for ani-
          mation. Teachers will find the geometry aspects  of
          the  program  useful  in the math and science class
          room.  Business  people  can  create  eye  catching
          slides  for  presentations  using  such features as
          slide and text fonts.

          Drawing with a computer can and should be very dif-
          ferent  from  drawing with more conventional tools.
          PC-KEY-DRAW gives you all the features you need for
          free  hand  drawing, but its power and the power of
          the computer lies in the many features that are not
          possible  with  conventional  techniques.  When you
          learn  to  use  such  commands  as  slide,  rotate,
          revolve,  mirror,  spray  paint, etc. then the real
          power of computer graphics will be in your hands.



          This manual is part of a special version  for  dis-
          tribution  by Big Blue Disk.  Unlimited use of this
          version is allowed without registration  by  anyone
          purchasing  a  copy  directly  from  Big Blue Disk.
          This version  may  not  be  distributed  by  anyone
          except  Big  Blue Disk.  The right to use this disk
          does not include support by OEDWARE.   Register  to
          receive the full benefits of PC-KEY-DRAW.



                           OPERATION THEORY

          PC-KEY-DRAW  is  a very comprehensive graphics sys-
          tem. Its large number of commands may tend to inti-
          midate  the  initial  user if he/she does not fully
          understand the basic program philosophy.  The first
          thing  to remember is that in creating any one par-
          ticular drawing only a  handful  of  the  program's
          commands  will be used. Don't feel that you have to
          learn everything from the  start.  Begin  with  the
          basics  and  build  from  there. As you become more
          proficient at creating graphics you may realize the
          need  for an automated way of performing a particu-
          lar task. Chances are PC-KEY-DRAW already  has  the
          feature  just  waiting  to  be  used. For instance,
          creating presentation slides for a business meeting
          may involve placing significant portions of text on
          the screen so that it is centered. Manually  moving
          the text into place is slow so an automatic center-
          ing feature is included.

          The program is designed to be run from the keyboard
          Version  3  also  allows  a mouse mode of operation
          with click to select on pull down menus or  instant
          menu  selection  with  the click of a mouse button.
          Contrary to what  you  might  think,  the  keyboard
          method  is  an excellent way to run a graphics pro-
          gram. The trained user  can  create  all  sorts  of
          drawings  quickly.  You  do  not have to waste time
          clicking through a series of  menus  as  with  most
          other  graphics  programs, unless you want to. Key-
          board input also means you don't have to have extra
          equipment      cluttering     up     your     desk.

          Keyboard Operation: When running  PC-KEY-DRAW  from
          the  keyboard  the  left hand is used to select the
          various function keys and  make  other  selections.
          The  right  hand is used to operate the cursor keys
          and  the  <ENTER>/<RETURN>  key  and  to  help   in
          selecting  commands.  A  variety  of  commands  are
          available from the cursor mode. These are  commands
          that control general program operation and features



          that are common to all of the  main  drawing  func-
          tions.  The  function  keys  are used to select the
          area of drawing to use next. Either select a  func-
          tion  key directly or select the </> or <Space Bar>
          then enter the desired function number or move thru
          the  menu  with the cursor keys and select the dis-
          played function with <ENTER>.   The  function  keys
          are  used  to  combine commands that are similar to
          each other.

          F1  is for modification, in that its  commands  are
              used to modify objects or the screen.
          F2   is  for creating boxes and other straight line
              figures, such as polygons.
          F3  is for generating a variety of curved lines.
          F4  is for shading and spray paint.
          F5  paints areas and modifies existing  colors.  It
              also controls the palette and background.
          F6  draws lines and adds text to the screen.
          F7   allows  portions  of  the screen to be copied,
              saved, erased or moved.
          F8  handles files and exits to DOS.
          F9  sets the speed of the cursor.
          F10 sets the color to be used by  the  majority  of
              functions.

          Basics:  Items  enclosed  with < and > are commands
          that are entered via the keyboard using the  appro-
          priate  letter/key.  Certain commands require using
          the Shft, Ctrl, or Alt keys with the specified key.
          Where this is required is indicated as <Alt-m>, for
          example, or <R>, <Ctrl-c>, <Shft-F9>. When  sequen-
          tial key strokes are required they are indicated by
          separating the commands with a space, such  as  <F3
          c>, or <F1 Alt-r>.

          Items  enclosed with [ and ] are commands that will
          be taken as the default if <ENTER> is selected. The
          first  mouse button acts as the <ENTER> key, if you
          are using a mouse.  The second mouse button acts as
          the <Space Bar>.



          Prompts  that start with "Enter" require user input
          followed by a <ENTER>. Other prompts  need  only  a
          single key to initiate.

          When a function is selected a list of possible com-
          mands are provided on the prompt line. More  infor-
          mation is available by using the cursor keys. Func-
          tions can be selected by entering  the  appropriate
          letter  and  Shft,  Ctrl,  or Alt as needed. Or the
          <ENTER> key can be hit to select the displayed com-
          mand. Note that the commands are case sensitive.  A
          lowercase "m" is different from an uppercase "M" in
          its effect, but they both have the same basic mean-
          ing. Not every command has four levels to it. Those
          commands  that  have more then one level are desig-
          nated on the prompt line by the letter followed  by
          a ".".

          If  you  enter a function and then change your mind
          or realize the need to reposition the cursor first,
          select  <n>  or  <Esc> or <Space Bar> to return the
          CURSOR MODE.  When operating from the keyboard  you
          should  position  the  cursor  as desired first and
          then select the desired function.

          Help: Three levels of help are provided within  the
          program.   This manual and the quick reference card
          provide  additional  help  as  needed.   Registered
          users  can also get help from OEDWARE by mail or by
          calling anytime from 9:00 am to 9:00 pm seven  days
          a week.

          The  first  help  level  is  readily  reached  when
          selecting  a  function  or  selecting  a  directive
          within  a function.  Moving the cursor will display
          the possible options.

          The second level of help is also immediately avail-
          able,  but must be called up when needed by select-
          ing <h>, <H>, or <?>.  It  can  also  be  set  from
          within  the Status configuration screen by specify-
          ing the Novice Mode. To turn  the  level  two  help



          screen  off, simply select <H> from the CURSOR MODE
          or specify Expert Mode in the configuration screen.

          The third level of help resides  on  the  disk  and
          takes  a  second  or  two to be read in when called
          with <h>, <H>, or <?> (assuming level two  is  cur-
          rently   displayed)   It  displays  KD-DRAW.HLP  as
          appropriate for the CURSOR MODE or for the selected
          function.

          General  Operation:  There  are  two basic types of
          function commands, (directives) those that  act  on
          an  object and those that act on the entire screen.
          For commands that act  on  the  entire  screen  the
          action is started by selecting the appropriate com-
          mand and following any prompts. When the action  is
          complete  the  program  will  ask if the result was
          correct before saving it to  the  drawing  you  are
          working  on.   Before selecting a command to create
          or to modify an object the cursor should  first  be
          moved to the desired start of the function, such as
          the center of the circle, or one of the corners  of
          a  rectangle.  Some commands that work on an object
          require that you first define the object by enclos-
          ing  it  in  a  box,  then  selecting <ENTER>. Some
          object functions can be color  specific,  ie.  only
          the color set by <F10> will be acted on. If a func-
          tion does not appear to work,  it  maybe  that  the
          color was improperly set.

          It is somewhat easier to learn PC-KEY-DRAW by work-
          ing in the high resolution mode.  This  is  because
          the prompt line allows 80 columns as compared to 40
          in the medium/color mode.   The  80  columns  allow
          additional  information  to be displayed. Virtually
          all functions available in color are  available  in
          high  resolution and vice versa. Extra prompts have
          been added as part of version 3 to help  guide  the
          user through each function. If you are using the 40
          column mode the prompt will be replaced by the cur-
          sor  information as the cursor is moved. To see the
          prompt type any non command key.  Pull  down  menus



          have also been added to aid learning the program as
          they display extra information  on  the  screen.  A
          sample of what the screen would look like in medium
          resolution with the main menu is shown in Figure 2.
          The  menu is toggled with <H> or can be set as part
          of the program configuration with <Ctrl-s>.  A com-
          plete  help  file  is included and can be called up
          when entering a function if further information  is
          needed  by  select  <h>.  The help file can also be
          reached from the CURSOR  MODE  for  information  on
          commands that can be used at anytime the cursor can
          be moved on the screen.

          Consider the keyboard as an input  device  compared
          to  a  two  or three button mouse. Most people have
          ten fingers, why not use them. Version 3 does allow
          a mouse to be used in much the same fashion as with
          other point and click programs, but its slower  and
          less  powerful.   The  mouse  is best for free hand
          drawing  using  <l>ine   or   <c>ursor   of   <F6>.

          Summary  of  Operation: There are several important
          things to remember when using PC-KEY-DRAW:

              1. PC-KEY-DRAW  is  very  case  sensitive.   Be
                 sure  to  use  lower case as primary.  There
                 are  4  possible  cases  for  a  given  key.
                 These  are:  lower  case,  uppercase (Shft),
                 Ctrl case, and Alt case.
              2. Some directives operate on objects and  must
                 be  defined  by  enclosing  in  a box, while
                 some  directives  operate  on   the   entire
                 screen.
              3.  Position  cursor first, then select desired
                 function.
              4. Some directives are color sensitive.  If  an
                 operation  doesn't  appear to work it may be
                 that  the  color,  as  set  by  F10  is  not
                 appropriate.   All  color sensitive commands
                 have an all color alternative.
              5. Most actions  work  from  a  single  key  or
                 SHFT-key,  Alt-key,  or Ctrl-key combination



                 and do not require an <ENTER>.
              6. "Enter" preceding a  prompt  indicates  that
                 a prompt answer must end with an <ENTER>.
              7.  Brackets ([ ]) enclosing part of the prompt
                 line indicate the default  value  that  will
                 be used if <ENTER> is selected.

          The chapter you have just read is probably the most
          important section of the manual.  If you understand
          the theory behind PC-KEY-DRAW you will find it easy
          to use and very fast. If you don't  understand  the
          basic operation of the program reread this section,
          then try the program.

          Some find the best way to learn PC-KEY-DRAW  is  to
          play  and  experiment, rather than jumping right in
          and attempting to create an  architectural  drawing
          or other work of art.  The first time you picked up
          a pencil, pen, or paintbrush you probably  did  not
          create  a  work  of  art. Others find it is best to
          have a project in mind before  starting.   In  that
          way  they  learn the commands they need immediately
          and don't bother with commands that  aren't  needed
          for their particular project.

          Give  yourself  time  to learn.  PC-KEY-DRAW is not
          designed to mimic existing manual drawing tools, it
          is  more  of a new way to draw.  It is a tool, just
          like the manual tools mentioned,  and  learning  to
          use  it may take time, but once you have learned it
          the program is very fast, easy  to  use,  fun,  and
          very powerful.



                            COMMAND SUMMARY

          This  chapter is roughly equivalent to KD-DRAW.HLP,
          the help file that  is  accessed  from  within  the
          program or that can be printed from the disk and so
          as been left out of this special version.



                DEFINITIONS AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.

          Active Layer  The active layer is the one in  which
          you  are  actually  drawing and is always SCreen 1.
          The active layer can also be seen and may be  over-
          laid with the visual layer.

          ASCII  <F6 T a, A> ASCII text files can be imported
          into a drawing.  Position cursor to  the  line  you
          want the file to start displaying at. <a> will stop
          at the end of the screen while <A> will continue to
          the end of the file.  Hit <Esc> to stop.

          Animate  <F7  a>  Once an object has been copied or
          erased with <F7> it  can  be  moved  about  on  the
          screen.  Animate allows you to see the object as it
          moves to aid in proper positioning.  Several  other
          functions  automatically  switch  to  the animation
          mode to allow proper object/text placement.  Anima-
          tion can also be used with the Key Macro command to
          jazz up slide shows.  If the animated area is large
          the  object will tend to flash as it is moved.  The
          visual horizon can be set to allow animated objects
          to disappear below the horizon.

          Area <F1 c> The area of an object and the center of
          that area can be calculated based on the color  set
          by  <F10>.  Calculate works by looking for a color,
          so to get the area of a  circle  for  example,  the
          circle  must  be painted in, otherwise you are get-
          ting something closer to  the  perimeter  than  the
          area.  Also see Mass.

          Arc <F3 a, A> Arcs are drawn using <F3>. First move
          cursor to center. Then  mark  the  radius  and  end
          point  followed  by  the second end point. Arcs are
          always drawn counterclockwise. Pie shaped arcs  can
          be drawn using <F3 A> and proceeding as with a reg-
          ular arc. To draw an  elliptical  arc  use  <$>  to
          modify  the screen aspect ratio just before select-
          ing the first end  point.  Be  sure  to  reset  the
          proper aspect ratio after drawing the arc.



          Arrows <F2 a, Alt-a> Arrows at 45 degree increments
          and almost any size can be added to the screen. The
          arrow will point <u>p, <d>own, <l>eft, <r>ight, <e>
          up-right, <f> down right, <g>  down-left,  and  <h>
          up-left.   Set  the direction the arrow is to point
          and use <u>p and <d>own to change the  size  before
          saving  the  arrow. (The amount of size change with
          each <u> or <d> is a function  of  the  <F9>  speed
          setting.)  Arrow  color is determined by <F10>. <F2
          a> produces an  outline  of  an  arrow,  while  <F2
          Alt-a> produces a filled in arrow.  An arrow symbol
          could as be created with <F6> and  rotated  to  any
          angle.

          B-Spline  <F3 b> Complex curves can be difficult to
          draw with just the cursor keys, but with <F3 b> you
          can let the program connect the dots that you enter
          and create smooth curves.  This is a great  feature
          for  those,  like myself, that are not artistically
          inclined.  It makes complex curves  easy  from  the
          keyboard.

          Background  <F5 b>, <F5 c>, <F5, C>, <B> The screen
          background color can be set  in  medium  resolution
          mode  by  using  the  space bar to page through the
          colors and the <ENTER> to fix  the  desired  color.
          The  background  can also be set in high resolution
          using <F5 C> and <F5  c>.   <B>ackground  sets  the
          color  that  is used for the background during many
          operations.  See Spray  paint  and  Fade  for  more
          information.

          BAS  File  extension  for BASICA program. <F7 C>opy
          can save a screen image as a BASICA subroutine that
          can  be merged into your own program.  This is use-
          ful for including logos  or  for  creating  graphic
          game  programs.   See BASICA manual for information
          on merging programs.  The  subroutine  when  called
          will  load  an  array  with  the data to create the
          image.  Use the PUT command to place the  image  on
          the screen.



          BASIC  is  ideal for working with graphics on a CGA
          since it contains just about all  of  the  commands
          you  need  to  manipulate  the screen and graphics.
          Other languages require the use of libraries to get
          the graphics functions provided in BASIC.

          Box  <F2  r>,  <F2 R>, <F2 Alt-r>, <F2 s>, <F2 S> A
          box is a rectangle or square.  Start by positioning
          one  of  the  corners. Selecting a <r> will display
          the rectangle as you move the cursor. Position  box
          as desired and mark. <R> displays the box and it is
          copied into <F7> automatically.  <Alt-r> produces a
          filled in rectangle at the color set by <F10>.  <s>
          produces a rectangular series of dots at the  color
          set  by <F10> in light, medium or dark shading. <S>
          functions the same as <D>.

          Center  animated  area  <C>  Centers  the  animated
          object on the screen.

          Center  of area <F1 c>, <F1 Alt-c> The center of an
          area or the center of mass of an object can be cal-
          culated.

          Center  of  circle  <C> The last center of a circle
          can be located by <C> in the CURSOR MODE.

          Circle <F3 c> Circles are drawn  by  first  marking
          the  center  and then the radius of the circle. Use
          <$> to match the screen aspect ratio of your  moni-
          tor and/or printer.  <$> only effects circles drawn
          after a change and not already drawn  circles.   To
          change  a  circle once it is drawn use <F1> Flip to
          compress the screen in the appropriate direction.

          Circle Center Lines <F3 Ctrl-c>, <F3 Ctrl-e> Center
          lines  for  circles  and  ellipse are automatically
          drawn using <F3> <Ctrl-c> or  <Ctrl-e>.   Start  by
          placing  cursor  at center of circle or ellipse and
          making selection and then moving cursor to  desired
          size and selecting <ENTER>.



          Color  <F5  c>,  <F5 C>, <F10> Three color palettes
          are available with three colors each plus  a  back-
          ground color in medium resolution from the standard
          color board.  <F5 c> will toggle between the three.
          15  unichrome  colors  are also available in medium
          resolution by selecting <C>.   15  colors  in  high
          resolution  are also available with <c>. <F10> will
          select the active color from a  given  palette  for
          use.  The  current color is displayed on the prompt
          line as a number to the right of the  appropriately
          colored  box.  Some  actions are color specific. If
          the action does not seem to work it may be that the
          color  is  set wrong. <F5> allows color mixes for a
          total of 29 colors per palette on an  RGB  monitor.
          With  a  composite  monitor  16  of the color mixes
          become distinct colors. For best  results  set  the
          color palette to palette 0 or 2 (RED GREEN YELLOW).

          Configure  <Ctrl-s>  PC-KEY-DRAW must be configured
          to your particular system  and  desires.   This  is
          done by selecting <Ctrl-s> from the CURSOR MODE and
          modifying the configuration screen as  desired.  In
          particular  the  disks that you have available must
          be set.  The printer can  also  be  configured  for
          zoom  printing.  The key macro command is ideal for
          configuring the program to your  personal  require-
          ments.   Key  macros  can  be  called from DOS when
          calling the program so that each time you enter PC-
          KEY-DRAW it can be set just as you like.

          Copy  <F7  c>,  <F7 C>, <F7 Ctrl-c> Enclose area is
          copied into <F7> buffer  to  be  used  with  smear,
          move,  etc. <C> copies area and allows user to save
          that portion of the screen on disk.  Enter name  of
          file  including  drive.   No  extension on the name
          will result in the program adding  a  PIC.   A  FIG
          extension  allows  partial  screens  or even entire
          screens to be saved in an ASCII file  that  can  be
          transmitted  over telephone lines without modifica-
          tion.  Use <F7 o> to get old or  previously  copied
          areas  onto the screen from the disk.  A PIC exten-
          sion added to the name will save the enclosed  por-



          tion  of  the  drawing  in a format compatible with
          many other graphics programs  allowing  interchange
          (the  extension must be specified).  The PIC exten-
          sion is the most compact on disk.  A BAS  extension
          will  save  the  copied area as a BASICA subroutine
          for use in user generated graphics programs. A  FNT
          extension  saves  the  copied area a part of a font
          file under the character specified. <Ctrl-c> copies
          the same size area as last copied without enclosing
          it in a box first.

          Cursor <F6 c> Lines can be drawn with  the  cursor.
          The  line color can be changed at will during draw-
          ing. Use <F6 e>nd to end and save  to  the  screen.
          The  entire  cursor  key  pad  can be used, thus 45
          degree lines are possible.

          CURSOR MODE Anytime the cursor can be moved  around
          on the screen using the cursor keys or a mouse.

          Cursor  Type  <Alt-c> Three cursor types are avail-
          able and can be readily selected with <Alt-c>  from
          the  CURSOR  MODE or during configuration. Cursor 0
          is a small dot that is the same as early  versions.
          Cursor 1 is a small arrow that points to the active
          area.  Cursor 2 is a full screen cross hair.  Which
          cursor  you  use  depends  on a lot of factors. You
          will find that you  switch  cursors  for  different
          operations.

          DAT  Data  file extension containing scale informa-
          tion for full screen saves.

          Date <Alt-d> the DOS date can be displayed  at  the
          specified location on the screen.  (see also Time)

          Delete File See Kill.

          Delete  Lines  <F7  Alt-l>  Horizontal lines can be
          deleted from the cursor position.   The  number  of
          lines that will be deleted is dependent on the cur-
          sor speed setting as shown on the prompt line.



          Direct Coordinate Entry <x> the x and y coordinates
          can be entered directly if desired.

          Directory <F8 d #>, <F6 o #>, <F6 E #>, <F6 T a #>,
          <F7 o #>, <F7 C #>, <F8  o  #>,  <F8  Ctrl-o>,  <F8
          Alt-o>,  <F8  s  #>,  <F1 Ctrl-z o #>, <Alt-k r #>,
          <Alt-k c #> Where "#" is the drive  letter  to  see
          the  directory of.  The complete disk directory for
          any drive is found with <F8 d> followed by a single
          drive  letter.  Partial directories can be obtained
          with the other listed  functions  by  entering  the
          drive  followed  by  a  <ENTER> when asked for file
          name.  Only those files that  pertain  to  a  given
          directive will be shown. To be able to use the par-
          tial directory capability be sure to let  the  pro-
          gram add the required extension.

          Disable Workspace  Set the update frequency to 0 to
          disable the updating of the workspace.

          Display <F8 Alt-o> screens can be loaded in 1 of  5
          display forms for use in slide shows.

              1. Fade in             4. Pull Left
              2. Pull down           5. Pull Right
              3. Pull Up

          Dot  <F6 d> Single pixel dots are placed by marking
          the correct spot with a <ENTER>.  <F10>  determines
          the  color  of the dot. The dot can also be made as
          large as desired using the width command  from  the
          CURSOR MODE.

          Down <F6 T d>  To place text vertically and running
          down the screen use <F6 T d>.

          Ellipse <F3 e> As with circles and arcs the ellipse
          is drawn by first marking its center.  The horizon-
          tal radius and vertical radius must also be marked.
          The radius is marked by moving the cursor keys over
          and up.



          End <F6 e>, <F6 E> With the exception of text,  all
          functions  in <F6> must be ended. If a line drawing
          is ended with <E> the drawing is saved as a  vector
          for later use. See Line.

          Erase  <F7  e>,  <F7 E>, <F7 Alt-e>, <F7 Ctrl-e> To
          erase an area enclose it in a  box  as  with  copy.
          With  <e>  the area will be erased and saved to the
          <F7> buffer for use with move, animate,  etc.  With
          <Alt-e>  the area is erased but not saved. <Ctrl-e>
          will erase a circular portion of the  screen.   <E>
          erases  an  area  and  switches  to animate mode to
          allow quick and easy movement of  a  portion  of  a
          screen.

          Exit  <F1-F8  n>;  <F8  e> A function can be exited
          with <n>, <Esc>, </>, or <Space Bar>.  The  program
          is exited to DOS with F8 <e>.

          Extension   File  extensions  for the various files
          used by PC-KEY-DRAW have been  predefined,  however
          they can be easily changed to what ever you prefer,
          by editing the file KD-DRAW.TXT with any text  edi-
          tor.   This  manual  assumes they have been kept as
          originally defined.  See the Section  on  Libraries
          for more information.

          Fade <F4 f>, <F4 Alt-f> Objects can be faded to the
          background by color using <f> or all colors can  be
          faded using <Alt-f>.

          Fatbits <F1 Ctrl-z> editing of screens at the pixel
          level is possible using <F1 Ctrl-z>. Enclosed  area
          to  be  edited  in fixed sized box.  If you want to
          edited a larger area select <Ctrl-z> a second  time
          to display 8 boxes in high resolution or 4 boxes in
          medium resolution.  Select  <ENTER>  to  reach  the
          editing  stage.   Set  the color of each individual
          pixel  by   specifying   the   appropriate   number
          (0,1,2,3).   Use  <t>race  to draw by selecting <t>
          and then the color to be used. Selecting <t> a sec-
          ond  time  turns off the trace. Use <Ctrl-PgUp> and



          <Ctrl-PgDn> to move through multiple screens.   Use
          <Esc> to exit.

          FIG  Figures-see  Copy.  File  is saved in an ASCII
          format.

          Fill <F5 f>, <F5 Alt-f> Areas that can  be  painted
          can  be  filled  instead. The program comes with 64
          patterns on  KD-PTRN.PIC.  These  patterns  can  be
          changed  or  modified  as  desired and resaved (see
          section for F7 for  handling  PIC  files).  <Alt-f>
          allows  any  PIC  file  to be called in to act as a
          pattern file.  The file called becomes the  default
          (until program is exited) and will be used the next
          time <F5 f> is called.

          Fillet <F3 f> Automatic fillets to 90  degree  cor-
          ners  are created by drawing a box around corner to
          set the radius.

          Flip <F1 f>, <F1 F> Flip has  a  variety  of  uses.
          Think  of  it  as  rotating  the  screen through an
          angle. This can be used to compress the  image  and
          is  useful in matching completed screen to printer.
          <f> is used to flip a portion of the screen,  while
          <F> is used to flip the entire screen.

          FNT  Font  file.  This  ending must be specified to
          save part of a screen as a font. A single file con-
          tains all of the font information for the specified
          characters.

          Fonts Two standard fonts are built  into  the  pro-
          gram.  Which  one is used depends on which mode the
          program is operating in  (high  or  medium  resolu-
          tion).  The  standard text fonts are retrieved with
          <F6 t>, <F6 T>, <F6 Ctrl-t>.  Alternate text  fonts
          can  be created, saved and recalled.  The fonts can
          be created using any and all of the  program  func-
          tions.   To  save a font use <F7 C>opy to copy each
          individual letter. A given font should be saved  to
          the  same  file  with  an  FNT extension. Fonts are



          recalled as needed with <F6 Alt-t> by typing in the
          text and specifying the font to use. Figure 3 shows
          what can be done in minutes using the four supplied
          fonts  combined  with  other program functions. The
          "CREATE-A-FONT" title was done  in  several  steps,
          including  <F7  S> and <F1 Ctrl-s>lide. Italics are
          easily created using <F1 s>lide and a step  of  15.
          <F1  z>oom allows you to set the number of steps in
          a zoom to produce the "ZOOM  STEP"  text.   Library
          Disk  #3  contains  14  additional text fonts along
          with several very useful macros for creating  BOLD,
          3-D  text,  outlined text and overlaid text quickly
          and easily from any of the text fonts.

          Freehand drawing <F6 c> While there are  a  variety
          of  methods  that  can be used in the program to do
          freehand drawing, the most common  is  to  set  the
          cursor  to  continuous with <F6 c> and to draw with
          the cursor keys or a mouse. The color of  the  line
          can  be  set with F10 and the drawing can be tempo-
          rarily suspended with a <Space Bar> or second mouse
          key,  then  restarted  with an <ENTER> or the first
          mouse button.

          FUN Computer graphics are not only very useful, but
          can be a whole lot of fun.

          Grid  <g>,  <G>, <Alt-g> A grid made of dots can be
          placed or removed with <g> from the cursor mode.  A
          grid  made  of  lines is placed with <Alt-g>.  User
          must specify the spacing between grid points. Color
          of  grid  can be changed with <G>. The grids reside
          on a separate layer and do not become part  of  the
          drawing, unless <k>eep or <u>pdate is invoked while
          the grid is on the screen.

          Help <h>, <H> Help information is available in  the
          CURSOR  MODE or when entering any function. Select-
          ing <h> or <H> the first time will turn on the pull
          down menus.  Selecting help a second time will dis-
          play a disk file as appropriate for the section you
          are  in.   <H>  is  used  to turn off the pull down



          menus.

          Hot Keys <Shft-F1 to F8>, <Ctrl-F1 to F10>, <Alt-F1
          to F9>  27 hot keys can be defined to customize PC-
          KEY-DRAW to your own personal  needs  and  desires.
          KD-DRAW.HOT  contains the names of key macros (pre-
          viously created) that are activated with one of the
          h  o  t                               k  e  y  s  .

          Insert line <F7 l> Horizontal lines can be inserted
          at  the  cursor  position.   The  number  of  lines
          inserted is determined by the setting of the speed,
          as displayed on the prompt line.

          Isometric Drawing <i> Toggles the isometric drawing
          mode. When activated the cursor moves at a 30 or 60
          degree  angle instead of a 45 degree angle. Circles
          are also adjusted accordingly.

          Jump <Ctrl-J>, <Alt-#> Where # is a number  from  0
          to  9 inclusive. Allows a screen position to be set
          ad  remembered.   First  position  the  cursor   as
          desired,  select  <Ctrl-j>ump  or  <Ctrl-ENTER> and
          then <Alt-#> where # is a number from 0 to  9.  The
          screen  positioned  is  now  remembered on disk for
          future use.  At any time select <Alt-#> to jump  to
          the remembered position instantly.  For compatibil-
          ity with past versions keep <Alt-1>  as  0,0.  (Top
          left corner)  KD-DRAW.JMP is created the first time
          a jump position is set.

          Keep <k> While putting a box around  an  object  or
          drawing  a  circle  the  drawing is modified by the
          box. When the <ENTER> is hit to  complete  the  box
          the  screen  is  first restored and then the action
          takes place. Sometimes  the  effect  is  desirable.
          While  in  the  CURSOR MODE selecting <k> keeps the
          drawing as it is seen at that  moment.   Using  <k>
          will  also keep the grid, help screen, or layer and
          should be used with care.

          Key Macro <Alt-k> This is a very  powerful  feature



          of  Version  3  and potentially the most useful.  I
          have yet to fully examine all of the uses, but they
          include at a minimum, macros, slide shows with ani-
          mation, and drawing saves.  Several  commands  such
          as   <*>,   <Alt-v>isual   horizon,   <Alt-1>,  and
          <Alt-p>ause have been added  specifically  for  use
          with  key  macros.  The demo/tutorial supplied with
          the program is a sample of using a key macro  as  a
          slide  show.  Basically what a key macro does is to
          remember every key stroke that you  make  and  save
          them   to   an  ASCII  sequential  file  for  later
          retrieval. The file that is saved consists  of  the
          key stroke code followed by the number of times the
          key is struck.  The files produced are  very  small
          and  offer  the  maximum  use of disk space.  A Key
          Macro is started by selecting <Alt-k> while in  the
          cursor  mode  and  assigning a name to a file to be
          created.  Everything after this is  recorded  until
          <Alt-k>   is  selected  a  second  time.  Selecting
          <Alt-k> a third time  allows  the  just  saved  key
          macro  to be run. (See the section on the Key Macro
          command)

          Kill <F8 k) Unwanted files can be  removed  from  a
          disk by using kill and specifying the complete name
          including the drive designation.

          Layers <l>, <L>, <Ctrl-l>, <Alt-l> Up to 64  layers
          or  overlays  can  be used to aid in creating draw-
          ings.  Layers can be thought of as drawing on clear
          sheets.  Only  the  active  layer  is modified, but
          other layers can be visual if  desired.   It  takes
          about 1 meg. of memory to handle 64 layers so it is
          only practical with a hard disk or better yet a RAM
          disk.  (See RAM Disk) When layers are active scrol-
          ling of 1/2 pages is disabled. Use <Alt-l> to  com-
          pletely turn off layers.

          Lines  <F6 l> Lines are drawn by marking successive
          end points with <ENTER>.  As the line is drawn  its
          length  and angle are displayed on the prompt line.
          Lines are used to generate vector objects that  can



          be saved and retrieved at a later time at any angle
          or scale.  <F6 e>nd  will  save  the  line  to  the
          screen  only.   <F6  E>nd will save the line to the
          screen and to a user specified file  as  a  vector.
          The object is saved with scaling so that when it is
          recalled it can be matched  to  the  scale  of  the
          drawing  in  progress.  Vectors are useful for flow
          chart symbols, or  for  other  commonly  used  line
          objects  where  scale  and angle are important. Use
          the <SPACE BAR> to temporarily suspend line drawing
          and  the  <Back  Space> to back up. Width and color
          can also be set as desired. Lines can also be drawn
          with <F6 c>ursor (see Cursor).

          Mass <F1 C> The mass of an object and the center of
          mass can be calculated based on user supplied  den-
          sity parameters for each color. See Area.

          MCR macro file extension.

          Measure <m>, <M>, <Alt-m>  the distance between two
          points can be measured by marking one  end  with  a
          <m>  and moving the cursor to the second point. The
          distance is displayed on the prompt  line.  Measure
          is  always  active and gives the radius of circles,
          the dimensions of boxes, and the length  of  lines.
          <M>  moves  the  cursor to the last measured point.
          (See Scale).  Figure 4 is a simple mechanical engi-
          neering drawing showing the use of measure. <Alt-m>
          allows you to set the scale on the fly.  First mark
          a  point  with  <m>  then move a known distance and
          with <Alt-m> tell PC-KEY-DRAW  what  that  distance
          should be.

          Merge  <F7 m> Two screens can be merged together as
          one. Start by loading <F10 o>ld  the  first  screen
          into  either  Page  1 or Page 5.  Switch to Page F7
          and load the screen to be merged.  Switch  back  to
          the first screen and put the cursor in the top left
          hand corner. Select <F7> then <m>, <M> or  <Ctrl-m>
          for the desired result.



          Mirror  <F1  m>,  <F1  M>  Objects  can be mirrored
          using <m>.   The  entire  screen  can  be  mirrored
          either horizontally or vertically with <M>.

          Mode  <Shft-Tab>,  <Alt-r>  Two  screen  modes  are
          available.  Mode 2  is  the  high  resolution  mode
          (640X200)  and mode 1 is the medium and color mode.
          (320X200) You can readily switch between the two to
          achieve desired results. Virtually all of functions
          available in the color mode are  available  in  the
          high  resolution mode. Each mode has its advantages
          for different applications and  systems.  Sometimes
          when  an object is copied with <F7> in one mode and
          moved into another mode the  object  will  be  dis-
          torted.  Use  <@>  to  adjust.   <Alt-r> forces the
          screen mode to high resolution.

          Modify <F5 m>, <F5  M>,  <F5  Ctrl-m>,  <F5  Alt-m>
          Painted areas can be changed or modified to produce
          additional colors. Set <F10> to the color you  wish
          to  modify. Select <F5 m> and define object in box.
          <M> operates on the  entire  screen.  Set  the  new
          color  to any of the 29 colors.  <Alt-m> allows the
          29 colors to be changed to one of the other 29 col-
          ors.  <Ctrl-m>  operates  as  <Alt-m>,  but  on the
          entire screen.  (A file called KD-PAINT.PIC  is  on
          the program disk and can be viewed with <F7 o>.)

          Money  How  did you get this? If you have purchased
          PC-KEY-DRAW from Ed Kidera of  OEDWARE  then  thank
          you  very  much!!,  but if you are using a copy and
          have not registered, please take some time  and  do
          so.   Isn't this worth the registration price?  See
          the section on libraries for a way for you to  save
          some cash or even make some.

          Mouse Mode Pull down function and command menus can
          be used either with or without a mouse.  When  used
          with  a  mouse  the mouse can be used to click on a
          function to select  it  much  as  with  many  other
          graphics programs, but this is a slow and silly way
          to run any graphics program.  PC-KEY-DRAW  provides



          a much easier way of using a mouse, by allowing the
          menu to be brought in with the click of button two.
          Once in a function select mode, the cursor movement
          will move you through the menu and not  around  the
          screen. Use button 1 to make a selection and return
          to cursor mode.  See the Hardware section for  more
          information on the mouse. Also see Chapter 3.

          Move  <F7  m>, <F7 M>, <F7 Ctrl-m>, <F7 Alt-m> Pre-
          viously copied or erased areas can be  moved  to  a
          new  location.   Use animate to aid in positioning.
          The four different syntaxes of  move  will  produce
          different  results.  The correct one to use depends
          on the desired result.  Experiment with the differ-
          ent moves to learn and understand the results.  The
          following table applies to smear and  replicate  as
          well:
                        Command   Logical      Effect
                            m       XOR        Mixed
                            M       OR         With
                       Ctrl-m       AND        Over
                        Alt-m       PSET       Replace

          Use  move  after  <F7 a>nimate, <F7 s>mear, and <F7
          r>eplicate. <Ctrl-m> is very useful in painting odd
          shaped objects with complex patterns.  See Examples
          in earlier section for tips on using it.

          Music See Play

          Old <F1 Ctrl-z o>, <F6 o>, <F6 O>, <F7 o>, <F7  O>,
          <F8 o>, <F8 O>, <F8 Ctrl-o>, <F8 Alt-o>  Previously
          saved vectors, objects and screens can be retrieved
          with  old.   Primarily for slide show use text mode
          screens can be called into view with <F1 Ctrl-z o>.
          In  F6 vectors drawn with line and saved with <E>nd
          can be called up later for use.  Any angle  may  be
          specified  as  may  any scale.  A <ENTER> will take
          the rotation as drawn and will fit the scale of the
          vector  to  the  scale  of the current drawing. <O>
          takes the last vector and allows the  rotation  and
          scale  to  be changed.  After setting the scale the



          vector object can be moved across  the  screen  and
          left  in  position with <F7 M>.  Objects that where
          saved with <F7 C> can be recalled with  <o>.   They
          will appear at the same size as drawn and so may be
          out of scale. <F8 o> is  used  to  retrieve  entire
          screens  saved  in <F8> or saved in some other pro-
          gram. If a DAT file  accompanies  the  drawing  the
          scale will be changed accordingly.  To sequentially
          bring in the screens  from  disk  use  <F8  O>  and
          <PgDn>  to  page  through  the screens.  Select the
          screen you want with <ENTER>.  This make finding  a
          screen  very easy.  See Template for information on
          <F8 Ctrl-o>.  <F8 Alt-o> can be used in slide  show
          macros  to display the screens in one of five meth-
          ods. (See Display)

          Outline <F2 o> objects can be outlined in the color
          set  by  F10.   Outline  searches  for  the  change
          between the background color and the  other  colors
          and draws a line at the edge.

          Page  <Ctrl-Home> 64 pages are available for Screen
          1.  Select <Ctrl-Home> followed by the  pan  direc-
          tion.  <Down Arrow> scrolls the screen by 1/2 down.
          <Up Arrow> scrolls the screen  by  1/2  up.  <Right
          Arrow>  scrolls  the  screen  by  1/2 to the right.
          <Left Arrow> scrolls  the  screen  by  1/2  to  the
          left.  <PgUp>  scrolls  a  full  screen up.  <PgDn>
          scrolls a full screen down.  <Home> returns to PAGE
          00.  <End>  goes  to  the last screen that has been
          created. Pages are stored in quarter screen  files.
          To  use all of the files (not very likely) you must
          be operating from a subdirectory for the workspace.
          The  files are created on the disk only when a par-
          ticular  page  is  accessed.    <Ctrl-HOME>   twice
          returns  to  PAGE  00 without first saving the page
          you are on.

          Paint <F5 p>, <F5 P>, <F5  Alt-p>  Objects  can  be
          painted  with  one of the four colors from the pal-
          ette in the color mode or one of two colors in high
          resolution using <p>. The border color and the fill



          color must be specified.  An incorrect border color
          or  gaps in the border will cause the paint to leak
          out.  If this happens be sure to respond no to  the
          "Correct (y/n)?" prompt.  <P> is identical in oper-
          ation to <p> only it allows you to repeat the oper-
          ation  any  number  of times with the same fill and
          border color simply by moving  to  the  appropriate
          location  and selecting <ENTER>.  29 colors/ shades
          can be used to paint with using <Alt-p>.  See  also
          Shading and Modify.

          Paintbrush  See Smear and Replicate for one type of
          paintbrush.  Many of the other functions of PC-KEY-
          DRAW  can  also be used as a paintbrush by properly
          setting the <B>ackground so that when the object is
          moved  around the screen an image is left behind in
          the color set by <B>ackground.

          Parallel <F6 p> Parallel lines can be drawn at  any
          angle  by  first  marking one of the lines and then
          only marking one end point on all subsequent lines.
          Use <F6 e> to end the drawing of parallel lines and
          save the lines to the screen.  All features of nor-
          mal line drawing apply to parallel line drawing.

          PATH  The  compiler  used  for PC-KEY-DRAW does not
          recognize paths. If you have DOS 3.? you  can  used
          SUBST  to represent paths, see the DOS manual.  Any
          drive letter A-Z can be used.

          Patterns <F5 f>, <F5 Alt-f> 64 patterns are held in
          one  pattern screen. One pattern screen is supplied
          with the PC-KEY-DRAW  program  disk,  but  you  can
          create  as  many as you would like.  Figure 5 shows
          the patterns that I have created.  Some are  rather
          useful,  while others are rather strange.  Note the
          size and complexity that is possible  with  PC-KEY-
          DRAW   as  compared  to  other  graphics  programs.
          Library Disk #2 contains  nine  additional  pattern
          screens  for  a  total of 640 patterns. See section
          on Fill for how to use patterns.



          Pause <Alt-p>, <F8 O  Alt-p>  Key  macros  normally
          play  back at full speed. Occasionally it is desir-
          able to momentarily stop the execution of the macro
          with  a  pause statement. Set the number of seconds
          desired to pause before continuing.

          PIC Extension used to  specify  format  of  partial
          screen  save in F7. This is the preferred extension
          for partial screens since it uses the least  amount
          of  disk  space and is therefore the default exten-
          sion. Screens saved with a  PIC  extension  can  be
          called  into a BASICA program by adding the follow-
          ing lines to your program:

              10 DIM ARRAY%(500):'dimension array large
              enough to handle image
              1000 BLOAD "FILENAME.PIC",VARPTR(ARRAY%(0))
              1010 PUT(0,0),ARRAY%:'puts image onto graphics
              screen

          To save an image in BASICA that can be called up in
          PC-KEY-DRAW  add  the  following lines to your pro-
          gram:

              10  DIM ARRAY%(500)
              1000 'load image into array with the GET
              function
              1010 N%=(4+((ARRAY%(0)+7)\8)*ARRAY%(1))\2 
              1020 BSAVE "FILENAME.PIC",VARPTR(ARRAY%(0)),N%

          See BAS for an alternate way to include an image in
          a  BASICA  program that doesn't require an external
          file of the image to be on the disk with  the  pro-
          gram.

          Play  <Ctrl-p>  music  can  be played for fun or as
          part of a macro.  The music syntax follows that  of
          BASICA  exactly.   See  the  BASICA manual for more
          information.



          Playback  <Alt-k>  Previously   recorded   keyboard
          sequences  can  be  played  back from disk. See Key
          Macro. If you are creating a slide  show  to  play-
          back then it is a good idea to disable the printing
          of the prompt line by setting <*> to 1 or 2  during
          recording.

          Polygon  <F2  p>  Regular polygons of any number of
          sides can be dynamically drawn. The polygon can  be
          rotated  as  it is being drawn by using the <[> and
          <]> keys.

          Print <F8 p> If a graphics screen dump  program  is
          loaded  the  screen  can  be dumped to a dot matrix
          printer using <PrtSc>. The print routine allows the
          25th  line  to be positioned before printing with a
          title as desired. If you have an Okidata 92 be sure
          to set the configuration printer to 1. The configu-
          ration screen also allows you to alter the printout
          size for an Okidata printer.

          Printer Support The zoom printer feature of PC-KEY-
          DRAW allows you to configure it  to  virtually  any
          printer  that  can  take  continuous  paper. Single
          sheet printing is currently limited to most Okidata
          92,  93s  or Epson/IBM graphics compatibles. If you
          would like to donate a printer to OEDWARE we  would
          be  happy  to write a driver to go with the program
          for that particular printer.

          Quality <Q> The quality of the cursor movement  can
          be  toggled  with  <Q>.   A  "Q" will appear on the
          prompt line indicating that the quality  is  turned
          on.   With  the quality turned off the cursor moves
          quicker by skipping an occasional step.   With  the
          quality turned on the cursor moves slightly slower,
          but does not skip steps. When the key  board  macro
          is  set the quality is automatically turned on.  If
          it is turned backed off during recording the  play-
          back of the macro will not faithfully reproduce the
          original.



          RAM disk PC-KEY-DRAW is written to make significant
          use  of  a RAM disk. A 40K RAM disk is the smallest
          that can be used, while the maximum is  over  1Meg!
          Some  may be wondering how such a large RAM disk is
          possible with a standard PC. I  strongly  recommend
          the  use  of  an  extended  memory card such as the
          JRAM-2 by Tall Tree Associates which allows  up  to
          2megs  per  expansion slot.  A RAM disk is not only
          useful for this program, but  you  will  find  many
          other  uses.  Minimum  PC RAM should be about 2Megs
          for maximum use of your machine.

          Recording <Alt-k>  Every  key  stroke  hit  can  be
          recorded  and saved to an ASCII sequential file for
          later playback.  See Key Macro  for  more  informa-
          tion.

          Registration Registered users get support, low cost
          updates, printed manual, extra library disks,  sup-
          port programs and a good feeling.  See Shareware.

          Rename  <F8 K> disk files can be renamed. Enter the
          file to be renamed and the new name  of  the  file.
          Include  the drive of the file.  It is not possible
          to rename to a different disk.

          Replicate <F7 r>, <F7 R>, <F7 Ctrl-r>,  <F7  Alt-r>
          Once an object is copied it can be moved and repli-
          cated. Each touch of the cursor will step the  size
          of the object until moved with <F7 M>.  This can be
          used for a variety of applications.  The syntax  of
          replicate is the same as smear and move.

          Resolution Set <Alt-r> The screen resolution can be
          set to 640X200.  Use <Shft-Tab> to  toggle  between
          640X200 and 320X200.  See Mode.

          Retrieve file See Old.



          Revolve  <F1 R> Three dimensional appearing objects
          can be created as objects of  revolution  by  first
          drawing  the cross section then revolving it.  User
          sets number of steps and view angle. This can be  a
          very  powerful  command.   Figure  6 is a Christmas
          card.  The Christmas tree was  created  by  drawing
          one  side of the tree outline and then by revolving
          the outline about the center.

          Reverse video See Video.

          Rose curves <F3 r> Sine and cosine rose  curves  of
          any  number  of  leaves are drawn to size of circle
          set with cursors.

          Rotate <F1 r>, <F1 Alt-r>, <F1 Ctrl-r>, <F6 o>, <F6
          O>   <F1>  can  be used to rotate any object on the
          screen.  The object may be rotated once or  a  mul-
          tiple  of times (steps).  *C*-In the color mode <r>
          will  rotate  only  the  current  active  color  as
          selected  by  <F10>,  while <Alt-r> will rotate all
          colors within the defined region.  Use  <F1  a>  to
          rotate  an object again, without redefining it. <F1
          Ctrl-r> will rotate the entire left portion of  the
          screen 90 degrees, but beware there is a size limit
          to rotate  and  not  all  of  the  picture  may  be
          rotated.  In  F6  vector objects can be created and
          saved. Using <F6 o> or <F6 O> they  can  be  called
          back and rotated to any angle.

          Save  <F6  E>, <F7 Ctrl-e> <F7 C>, <F8 s> There are
          five different ways to save  objects  and  screens.
          <F6  E>nds  & saves objects drawn with line as vec-
          tors (VCT) to the disk for later use.  <F6  Ctrl-e>
          saves  a  previously  created  line.   <F7 C> saves
          objects or entire screens to the  disk  in  one  of
          three ways. See Copy for use.  <F8 s> is the common
          way to save a complete screen for later  use.   The
          screens are given a SCN extension and are retrieved
          with <F8 o>.  A second file is saved with a  screen
          that  gives its scaling, if other then the default,
          and has a DAT extension.  Each screen, page,  layer



          must be saved independently.

          Scale  <Alt-m> The scale of the drawing is normally
          set when the program  is  entered  or  following  a
          fresh  screen.   When setting the scale on entering
          PC-KEY-DRAW or after a fresh screen you should  set
          the  effect size of the screen, not the actual size
          of the screen, ie. you might set the screen  to  40
          ft.  to  draw a house, 20 in. to draw a small part,
          or 50 miles to draw a map.  The scale can  also  be
          set  by  matching  a measured distance to a desired
          distance. Select <m> at one point, move  cursor  to
          desired  position,  select <Alt-m> and enter in the
          desired value of the distance.

          Scale Factor <F1 z>, <F1 Z>, <F1  Alt-z>,  <F6  o>,
          <F6  O>  When zooming you must enter the scale fac-
          tor.  A scale factor greater  than  1  shrinks  the
          object  or screen, while a scale factor less then 1
          expands the screen.  Select </>,  <Space  Bar>,  or
          second  mouse  button  to  enter  the  zoom  factor
          instead of the scale factor.

          SCN Screen-see Save and Old. This  is  the  default
          extension  and  indicates  a  full  graphics screen
          save.  This is compatible  with  screens  saved  in
          BASICA  using  a  BSAVE  command.  To call a screen
          into BASICA that was saved with <F8 s> add the fol-
          lowing lines to your BASICA program:

              1000 'set screen to graphics mode
              1010 DEF SEG=&HB800:'sets segment to color
              graphics screen memory
              1020 BLOAD "FILENAME.SCN",0
              1030 DEF SEG:'returns segment to BASICS stack



          To save a screen in BASICA that can be later called
          into PC-KEY-DRAW add the following  lines  to  your
          BASICA program:

              1000 'with drawing on screen
              1010 DEF SEG=&HB800
              1020 BSAVE "FILENAME.SCN",0,16384
              1030 DEF SEG

          See  BAS for an alternate way of including a screen
          image in a BASICA program.

          Screen <Ctrl-Home>, <Ctrl-End>, <Ctrl-PgUp>, <Ctrl-
          PgDn>  Multiple screens are available.  They can be
          used to draw objects larger than the screen  or  to
          use as temporary workspaces.  There are two primary
          screens and two  secondary  screens.   The  primary
          screens  are  "connected" and can be scrolled using
          <Ctrl-PgUp>  and  <Ctrl-PgDn>  in  quarter   screen
          increments.    <Ctrl-Home>  and  <Ctrl-End>  toggle
          between the two screens.  The  last  object  copied
          can  be  viewed on page F7 by selecting <Ctrl-PgDn>
          from page #5. <F1 Z>oom will not change the drawing
          scale  if used in Screen F7. The 25th line or title
          line is available  to  be  viewed  or  modified  by
          selecting  <Ctrl-PgDn>  one more time. Screen 1 can
          actually be one of 64 different  pages.  The  extra
          pages  are  stored on the workspace disk. Pages are
          stored in quarter screen blocks allowing horizontal
          and  vertical  scrolling.  1  megabyte  of  Disk is
          needed to use a full 64 pages and this is  where  a
          RAM  disk  can really pay off.  You should set up a
          subdirectory for the workspace.

          Screen Aspect Ratio <$> The screen aspect ratio can
          be  varied  for a variety of results.  The main use
          of the setting the aspect ratio is to get a  circle
          that looks round on your monitor or you may want to
          adjust the aspect ratio so that the screen dump  is
          round.  <r>otation  and <Z>oom of <F1> are cleanest
          if an aspect ratio of 1.0 in color or 2.0  in  high
          resolution is used.



          Shade  <F2  s>, <F2 S>, <F4 l>, <F4 m>, <F4 d>, <F4
          s>, <F4 Alt-s> Various methods of shading the draw-
          ing  are available. <F2> <s> or <S> produces a rec-
          tangular pattern (see  Box).   <F4>  will  fill  an
          irregular area with dots of the color set by <F10>.
          It may take several times to fill a very  irregular
          area.  <F4 s> spray paints (see Spray paint).

          Shareware  is  the  form of distribution being used
          with PC-KEY-DRAW.  Shareware is commercial software
          with a difference.  Shareware can be legally copied
          and shared with others, provided it is  distributed
          in  its entirety and not modified.  Users that find
          the program to be of use to them are  requested  to
          register.   Registration  provides many benefits to
          the user.  If you  register  PC-KEY-DRAW  you  will
          receive:

            .  Printed  Users  Manual in IBM size binder with
              information on getting the most out of  PC-KEY-
              DRAW, (it looks nice on your self too).
            .  Second library disk (see Appendix H) with 640+
              fill patterns,  several  library  pictures  and
              many very useful macros.
            . Third library disk with 14 extra fonts and text
              oriented macros.
            . Fourth library disk with more  fonts  and  flow
              chart symbols.
            . HP LaserJet printer support.
            .  Registered version of the program with name in
              the program code.
            . Telephone or mail support when you  need  help,
              for one year after registration.  Phone support
              is available from 8:00 am to 9:00 pm seven days
              a week.
            .  Notification  of  updates  and  the ability to
              update  for  only  $10  for  the  latest  disk.

          Registration helps you in other ways:

            . You are supporting the shareware concept.
              1. You can try the software before you buy it.



              2. You pay a reasonable price for you software.
              3.  You  avoid  the frustration of copy protec-
                 tion.
              4. You encourage others to develop shareware.
            . You are also supporting  new  OEDWARE  develop-
              ments.    PC-KEY-DRAW   is   constantly   being
              improved, your support is needed  and  appreci-
              ated.

          Like  public  television, shareware is supported by
          those who find it valuable.

          Shift <F5 s> The foreground colors are each shifted
          up by one. The background is not affected.

          Shift  Cursor  Using  the <Shift> key while drawing
          rectangles allow you to move the fixed corner.   If
          the  <Shift>  key  is used while drawing circles or
          ellipses the center of the circle  is  moved.   Try
          doing this with other graphics programs.

          Show  <s>,  <S>  The  cursor and prompt line can be
          removed from the screen.  This  can  be  used  when
          taking  pictures  of the screen with a 35mm camera.
          Selecting <s> shows only the active  screen,  while
          <S> shows both the active screen and a visual layer
          if layering is turned on. If show is used  as  part
          of  a macro the macro will pause indefinitely until
          a key is hit.  During macro execution  a  "_"  will
          appear  in  the  bottom  right corner of the screen
          indicating that the macro is waiting for a  key  to
          be hit.

          Sine  curve  <F3  t>  Trigonometric  sine curves of
          desired period and amplitude are shaped  by  moving
          the cursor.

          Slide  <F1  s>,  <F1  S>, <F1 Ctrl-s> <s>-slides an
          area of the screen either  horizontally  or  verti-
          cally.  This  is very useful for creating a variety
          of effects, including italics (use a step of 15 for
          italics).  <S>  slides the entire screen.  <Ctrl-s>



          slides the entire screen to the power  set,  either
          2,3, or 4.

          Slide  Show  The  key  macro command can be used to
          create a  very  powerful  slide  show  quickly  and
          easily. See Key Macro for details.

          Smear  <F7 s>, <F7 S>, <F7 Ctrl-s>, <F7 Alt-s> Pre-
          viously copied or erased  objects  can  be  smeared
          across  the  screen in one of four syntaxes.  Among
          other uses this allows the creation of a paintbrush
          of  sorts.  The cursor speed determines the step of
          the smear. Like replicate the smear  will  continue
          until the object is moved with <F7 M>.

          Speed  <F9>, <+>, <-> Cursor speed, smear size, and
          animation speed are controlled by <F9>.  The  speed
          is can be toggled between one for fine movement and
          any value as set by using the  <+>  and  <->  keys.
          Cursor  speed  is displayed on the prompt line. The
          speed can be forced to 1 using <Shft-F9>, no matter
          what  it  is  currently. This is useful in creating
          certain key macros.

          Spirals <F3 s> Automatic spiral generation is  pos-
          sible  using  <F3  s> by marking the center and the
          size of the first coil and then the number.

          Spoke <F6 s> Spoked lines from a common center  can
          be  generated  quickly,  since  the  center is only
          marked once. Spoked  lines  can  be  combined  with
          lines,  dots  and parallel lines. Use <F6 e> to end
          drawing spoked lines.

          Spray paint <F4 s>, <F4 Alt-s> Previously drawn and
          painted  areas  can  be spray painted to produce 3D
          type shading. With the screen aspect ratio  set  to
          its normal values the spray painting will produce a
          circular pattern. If <$> is selected and set  to  0
          (zero)  the spraying directive can be used to shade
          a vertical column. Figure 7 was created in a  short
          period  of  time  by making extensive use of spray-



          paint. Setting the background  color  to  something
          other  than 0 can be very useful and effective when
          used with spray paint.

          Status <Ctrl-s> See Configure.

          Strip <F5 S> All of the foreground  colors,  except
          the  one  set  by  <F10> are set to the background.
          This can be useful for  printing  or  photographing
          the  screen.  Be sure to save the screen before you
          strip it, if you want it back whole later.

          Suspend <Space Bar> During line drawing and  cursor
          drawing  under  F6  it is often desirable to tempo-
          rarily suspend drawing to  reposition  the  cursor.
          Use  the <Space Bar> or second mouse button to stop
          drawing and display the cursor. When ready to  con-
          tinue hit the <ENTER>.

          Template  <F6  o>,  <F7  o>,  <F8  Ctrl-o> See Old,
          Lines, Copy, and End for discussion on the  use  of
          vectors  and  figures  for  template purposes.  <F8
          Ctrl-o> allows another method of templating.   Pre-
          viously saved screens of symbols can be called onto
          the screen with template in much the  same  fashion
          as  calling  old screens.  In the template mode the
          updating of the workspace is disabled.  Objects  on
          the  template  can  be manipulated at will and then
          copied and moved with <F7>.  Selecting <F8> <w>  or
          <W>  returns  updating of workspace.  If no name is
          specified for the template file the present  screen
          or  a  fresh  one  may  be used to create part of a
          drawing to be added to the working drawing.

          Text <F6 t>, <F6 T>, <F6 Ctrl-t>,  <F6  Alt-t>  <t>
          allows  text to be entered directly on the drawing.
          <T> justifies the text to the left, right, or  cen-
          ter.  <T> also allows ASCII text to be imported and
          text to be displayed up or down.   <Ctrl-t>  copies
          the  text  and  animates  it  to  aid  placement as
          desired.  Two sizes of text are available  directly
          for <t>, <T>, and <Ctrl-t>.  The size is determined



          by the screen mode.  <Alt-t>  allows  the  user  to
          write  with  bitmapped  text  fonts.  Fonts  can be
          created by the user using all features of the  pro-
          gram  and  saved with <F7 C>, by specifying a "FNT"
          ending to the file name.  A very  wide  variety  of
          text  sizes  and  forms  can be created quickly and
          easily with <F1 z> and <F7> <c>, <S>, and <M>.

          Text Scrolling <F6 T L>, <F6 T R>, <F6  T  C>  When
          entering  text  it  is  possible to have the entire
          screen scroll.   This  is  useful  for  slide  show
          macros, but not of much use for general drawing.

          Time  <Alt-t>  the DOS time can be displayed on the
          screen at a specified  location.   Some  operations
          may  capture  the  time  into the drawing.  This is
          intended primarily for use in macros that  are  set
          to  run  continuously in a store or at a show where
          it might be nice to keep the views informed of  the
          time. (see also Date)

          Translation  Macro  files  consist  of a key stroke
          code followed by | (vertical bar) followed  by  the
          number  of  repetitions.   While MaCRo files can be
          edited with most word processors  it  is  a  little
          tricky  because  key  stroke codes are difficult to
          read and interpret.  KD-TRANS.EXE  is  provided  to
          translate  a  MaCRo file into a TeXT file where the
          key stroke codes are replaced with the actual  name
          of  the  key, such as "RIGHT" for right cursor key.
          The resulting TeXT file is easily edited.  Use  KD-
          TRANS.EXE  to  take  the TeXT file and translate it
          back into a MaCRo file.  TeXT files are much larger
          than MaCRo files. KEYTBL.DAT is used by KD-TRANS.

          Up  <F6  T u> Runs text up vertically from the cur-
          rent cursor position.

          Update <u>, <U>  Updates the appropriate  workspace
          with  the  current  screen (see Workspace).  Beware
          that <u> updates to screen 1  and  <U>  updates  to
          screen two, no matter what screen you are currently



          in.  This means that the previous contents  of  the
          screen will be lost.

          Update  Frequency  is  set in the Status screen and
          determines how often the workspace will be automat-
          ically  written to.  If the update frequency is set
          to zero the use of workspaces is disabled.   Disab-
          ling the workspace is ideal for slide show macros.

          VCT Vectors-see Lines.

          Video  <F1 v>, <F1 V>, <F1 Ctrl-v> A reversed video
          image  is  produced.  Useful  in  printing  certain
          screens. The following table indicates how the col-
          ors are switched.

               <v>                <V>             <Ctrl-v>

           0 becomes 3        0 becomes 1       0 becomes 2
           1 becomes 2        1 becomes 0       1 becomes 3
           2 becomes 1        2 becomes 3       2 becomes 0
           3 becomes 0        3 becomes 2       3 becomes 1

          Visual Horizon <Alt-v> Sets the lowest point on the
          screen  that the cursor can be moved.  This is most
          useful during animation.  The animated  object  can
          be made to disappear behind a screen object or rise
          up from behind the horizon.

          Visual Layer When using layers only one  is  active
          but  many can be visual, ie can be seen while draw-
          ing on the active layer.  The visual layer consists
          of  all  of the visual layers combined into one and
          resides in SCreen 2.  When layers are on  Screen  2
          is laid over SCreen 1.

          Width  <w>  The  width  for lines, dots, boxes, and
          circles can be set to any number of pixels  from  1
          to  32.   The width can be set greater than 32, but
          it won't be properly used by  lines,  but  will  be
          used by circles and rectangles.



          Workspace  <F8  w>,  <F8 W> Two separate workspaces
          are available to save screens  while  working  (see
          Update).   <w>  corresponds  to  screen  #1 and <W>
          corresponds to screen #2.  The workspace  has  sev-
          eral  uses.   Originally it was added to retain the
          drawing in the event of  program  crash  and  while
          that is no longer a concern it can be useful in the
          event of a power failure.  The workspace  can  also
          be  used  as temporary storage.  This would let you
          back up in the event of a change of mind or let you
          preform  multiple  operations  on  a single screen.
          The workspace is stored on the drive  specified  in
          the  configuration/status  screen. The program will
          periodically save to the workspace depending on the
          update  frequency.  The update can be forced at any
          time from the Cursor Mode with <u>pdate to take the
          screen  you  are looking at and save it as Screen 1
          and <U>pdate to take the visual screen and save  it
          to  Screen 2.  WRKSPC1.SCN corresponds to Screen 1,
          while WRKSPC2.SCN corresponds to Screen 2.

          XOR <F1 Alt-v> The entire screen can be XORed  with
          a  number  from 1 to 255.  An XOR of 255 produces a
          reverse video image (see Video).  The program  will
          assign  a  random  number  to  use  or the user may
          select any value between 1 and 255.

          Zoom <F1 z>, <F1  Z>,  <F6  o>,  <F6  O>  Sizes  of
          objects can be changed in three different ways. <F1
          z> is used to either enlarge or  shrink  a  defined
          object.   <F1  Z>  will reduce the entire screen by
          any amount or expand the top  left  corner  of  the
          screen.  Screen  scaling is changed accordingly, if
          the screen is set to 1 or 2, but it will leave  the
          present  scale  when used in Screen F7. <F6 O>, <o>
          will allow a vector to be sized to fit the  drawing
          or as desired (see Old and Line). All three use the
          same convention of scaling. A number  greater  than
          one  will shrink the object or screen.  For example
          a factor of two will cut the  object  in  half.   A
          number less than one will enlarge objects. Figure 6
          shows the use of <Z>oom. The main drawing was first



          completed,  then  zoomed  down  a  factor of 4, and
          placed back on the screen to produce  the  painting
          on the fireplace.

          Zoom Factor <F1 z>, <F1 Z>, <F1 Alt-z>, <F6 o>, <F6
          O> normally you are asked to enter the scale factor
          when  zooming.  By selecting the </> or <Space Bar>
          or second mouse button you  can  specify  the  zoom
          factor  instead of the scale factor.  A zoom factor
          greater than 1 enlarges the object or screen, while
          a  zoom  factor  less  then 1 shrinks the screen or
          object.  For example  a  zoom  factor  of  2  would
          double the size of the object.

          Zoom  Print  <F8  P>,  <F8 Ctrl-p>, <Ctrl-p> prints
          partial screens to a printer. <P> prints the entire
          screen  to the printer. Printing is done by charac-
          ters and not graphics so virtually any printer  can
          be  used, provided a printer table is first created
          for that printer.  The print  size  is  set  before
          printing  to a number between 1 and 41. Beware that
          the printed result can be very large.   Start  with
          low  numbers  and  work  your way up.  This is very
          useful for printing banners and the like.



          APPENDIX A:  USER-SUPPORTED SOFTWARE

          Shareware should  be  very  popular  with  most  PC
          users.  It means that the software is not copy pro-
          tected making backup easy and use with a hard  disk
          or  RAM  disk  a  snap.  It  also allows you to try
          before you buy to see if the program actually  does
          what  it says it does. Shareware will only continue
          if you the user does support it.  Another advantage
          to  Shareware  is price.  PC-KEY-DRAW is well worth
          the registration price.  Many of its  features  can
          not  be found for under $500 in commercial software
          and some cannot be touched for  under  $1500.   The
          final  advantage  to  Shareware is my commitment to
          expanding and improving the program.

          Why pay for software you are already using?

          Registration provides many benefits to the user. If
          you register PC-KEY-DRAW you will receive:

            .  Printed  Users  Manual in IBM size binder with
              information on getting the most out of  PC-KEY-
              DRAW, (it looks nice on your shelf too).
            .  Second library disk (see Appendix H) with 640+
              fill patterns,  several  library  pictures  and
              many very useful macros.
            . Third library disk with 14 extra fonts and text
              oriented macros.
            . Fourth library disk with more  fonts  and  flow
              chart symbols.
            . HP LaserJet printer support.
            .  Registered version of the program with name in
              the program code.
            . Telephone or mail support when you  need  help,
              for one year after registration.  Phone support
              is available from 8:00 am to 9:00 pm seven days
              a week.
            .  Notification  of  updates  and  the ability to
              update  for  only  $10  for  the  latest  disk.



          Registration helps you in other ways:

            . You are supporting the shareware concept.
              1. You can try the software before you buy it.
              2. You pay a reasonable price for you software.
              3.  You  avoid  the frustration of copy protec-
                 tion.
              4. You encourage others to develop shareware.

            . You are also supporting  new  OEDWARE  develop-
              ments.    PC-KEY-DRAW   is   constantly   being
              improved, your support is needed  and  appreci-
              ated.

          Like  public  television, shareware is supported by
          those who find it valuable.



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              Send Check or Money Order in US dollars to:
                          Edward H. Kidera IV
                                OEDWARE
                             P.O. Box 595
                        Columbia, MD 21045-0595


